Updated April 2026 · EIA data
Search U.S. State Energy Profiles
Browse all 51 U.S. state energy profiles. Average residential electricity rate across the country is 17.92¢/kWh. The cheapest residential power runs at 11.81¢ in North Dakota; the most expensive is 40.59¢ in Hawaii. The greenest grid is Vermont, generating 99.8% from renewable sources.
All States A–Z
What You’ll Find on Each State Page
Every state profile leads with the three retail electricity rates — residential, commercial, and industrial — because those are the numbers households and businesses actually pay. Below the rates, the generation mix shows the share of electricity produced from coal, natural gas, nuclear, hydro, wind, solar, and other sources. The renewable percentage is the sum of hydro, wind, solar, geothermal, and biomass. Total annual generation is shown so you can put the percentages in context: a state generating 40% from wind on a small base is structurally different from one generating 25% from wind on a much larger base.
State pages also cross-link to the most useful comparisons — neighboring states, regional peers, and extreme contrasts (highest vs. lowest rate, most fossil vs. most renewable). For deeper context on how state-level numbers translate into household and business decisions, the EIA State Electricity Profiles hub is the most comprehensive federal source.
Where the Data Comes From
Retail electricity rates and net generation series are pulled from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the federal statistical agency that collects monthly utility-level data through Forms EIA-861 (retail sales) and EIA-923 (generation by fuel). Emissions, clean-energy program context, and air-quality co-benefits come from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Renewable resource potential, grid-integration analysis, and technology cost trends are sourced from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. All federal datasets are public domain.
Each state page stamps the data’s last update date so you can see how fresh the figures are. EIA refreshes monthly data on a roughly two-month lag; annual generation summaries refresh once per year. NREL technology cost data updates on irregular cycles tied to research publications. EPA emissions data is annual.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I find my state's energy profile?
Click the state name in the alphabetical list below, or use your browser's find shortcut (Cmd-F on macOS, Ctrl-F on Windows) to jump straight to it. Each state page covers residential, commercial, and industrial electricity rates, the generation mix (coal, natural gas, nuclear, hydro, wind, solar), and the renewable share. The database currently covers 51 U.S. states and territories.
What data sources sit behind every state profile?
Electricity rates come from the U.S. Energy Information Administration's Form EIA-861 monthly survey, which collects retail prices from every U.S. utility. Generation mix data comes from EIA Form EIA-923. Emissions and clean-energy program context comes from the Environmental Protection Agency. Renewable resource potential and grid integration figures come from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
How current is the data?
EIA refreshes monthly retail-rate and generation-mix data on a roughly two-month lag — the data shown here was last refreshed April 2026. State pages stamp their last-update date in the header, so you can see at a glance how fresh each profile is.
Why do residential rates vary so much across states?
The variation is driven by four factors: the local fuel mix (coal and gas states are usually cheap, oil-dependent states are expensive), regulatory structure (regulated vs. deregulated retail markets), geography (Hawaii and Alaska pay a delivery premium), and policy choices (state-level renewable mandates can raise short-term rates while lowering long-term volatility). Today the cheapest state runs at roughly 11.81¢/kWh while the most expensive runs at 40.59¢/kWh.
How is the renewable percentage calculated?
The renewable share counts hydro, wind, solar, geothermal, and biomass generation as a percentage of total in-state generation, using EIA's net-generation series. The greenest state on the current data, Vermont, generates roughly 99.8% of its electricity from renewables. State-level numbers can mask the regional grid picture — most states import and export power, so the carbon intensity of consumed electricity differs from the in-state generation mix.
Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration (rates, generation), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (emissions, clean-energy programs), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (resource potential, technology cost). All federal datasets are public domain.
Last updated 2026-04-12 · 51 states tracked.